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- WORLD, Page 39YUGOSLAVIAShould We Care? Yes, But . . .
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- During the cold war's long struggle, when one superpower's
- gain in territory or influence was a loss for the other, the
- maverick communist state of Yugoslavia was a strategic target for
- both the U.S. and the Soviet Union. But the region's ethnic
- hatredshave been around much longer than that, epitomized by the
- rancorous quarrels that touched off World War I.
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- Ironically, the end of the East-West conflict has
- rekindled those old animosities, tamped down for decades under
- communist rule. The re-emergence of Balrivalries unnerves many
- in Europe, but Yugoslavia's turmoil today is important -- and
- dangerous -- mostly to its own people and its nearest neighbors.
- When reports of fighting in Slovenia reached Washington,
- Secretary of State James Baker fell back on some of the old
- terminology. "It is truly a powder-keg situation," he said.
- Actually, while bloodshed in Yugoslavia is tragic and
- unnecessary, this time it does not threaten to ignite a world
- war.
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- It does, however, increase the risk of a full-scale civil
- conflict and the possible involvement of countries with national
- minorities living in Yugoslavia, including Hungary, Bulgaria and
- Albania. Such an upheaval might also drive thousands of
- frightened refugees across the borders into Austria and Italy.
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- What worries many is that the spectacle of violent
- disintegration in one multi-ethnic federation may increase the
- pressure for separatism in other amalgams, like Czechoslovakia,
- as well as the Soviet Union's Baltic republics. That is one
- reason Moscow last week backed "the unity and territorial
- integrity of Yugoslavia."
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- Outsiders, however, have done little to head off the
- breakup, largely because there have been no obvious ways to do
- it. Like Moscow, the U.S. and the European Community are voicing
- support for unity and refuse to recognize the secessionist
- republics.
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- That stance is more an objection to the irresponsible way
- the split was carried out than a rejection of the principle of
- self-determination. White House spokesman Marlin Fitzwater
- explained, "We will not reward unilateral actions that pre-empt
- dialogue or the possibility of negotiated solutions."
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- In other words, an agreed, peaceful loosening of
- Yugoslavia's federal system would be fine. There is no thought
- of trying to send any peacekeeping troops into the country, so
- the traditional methods of diplomacy are all the outside world
- can offer.
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- Baker has again appealed to the Yugoslavs to express their
- "national aspirations" through bargaining and dialogue. The E.C.
- helped arrange the Saturday truce and is urging renewed
- negoduring a three-month cooling-off period. The 35-nation
- Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe will probably
- convene soon, but any action it suggests must have unanimous
- approval -- including Yugoslavia's. That is appropriate because
- in the end this is a crisis the Yugoslavs will have to settle
- for themselves.
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- By Bruce W. Nelan. Reported by Christopher
- Ogden/Washington, with other bureaus
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